The plane broke up when it hit the ground next to the runway.
Still images shown on Dutch television showed the plane on the ground, with the tail section of the fuselage broken off, and a wide crack in the fuselage just behind cockpit. The jetliner did not appear to be on fire.
As many as 50 passengers escaped injury, the CNBC Turkey channel said.
Officials at Istanbul’s Ataturk airport said the plane had departed earlier from Istanbul.
Airport police spokesman Rob Stenacker told reporters that emergency services were responding to a reported crash Wednesday but could give no further details.
The injured included both crew and passengers, said Assistant Local Mayor Michel Bezuijen.
It is too early to determine the cause of the crash, Bezuijen said.
A news photographer at the scene said he saw an unknown number of bodies lying under a white blanket, Maaike Voersma, a journalist with Dutch newspaper De Bers, told CNN.
A passenger on the plane who spoke to Turkish network DHA said he saw injured people trapped and squeezed between the seats when he walked off the plane.
A witness who was driving past the airport moments after the crash told BBC News he saw the plane lying in a field just 60 metres from the A9 motorway, surrounded by large clouds of brown dust and grey smoke.
“I saw the plane lying there in three pieces,” said Nikolai van der Smagt, who works for a telecom company near Schiphol airport.
“The first people were just getting off the plane and they looked confused. There was a lot a dust, but no fire.”
Resident Jonathan Nip described the scene: “What I’m seeing now is the whole of the aeroplane – without any wings or front or rear end – is lying in the field and there are about 50 ambulances, a lot of fire trucks, a couple of helicopters, emergency helicopters, a lot of police, a lot of sirens.
“The highway which is running next to the crash site is closed right now because of the traffic that has stopped to watch the crash.”
